تشخیص مولکولی ژن‌های بتالاکتاماز blaTEM، blaCTX و blaSHV در سویه‌های باسیلوس سوبتیلیس جدا شده از نمونه‌های شیر خام و پنیر: یک مطالعه آزمایشگاهی

Background and Objectives: The presence of ESBLs (Extended spectrum β-lactamase) for the health system has many problems. Moreover, these strains have increased resistance to other antibiotics.The aim of this study was to determine the molecular detection of blaTEM, blaCTX and blaSHV beta-lactamase genes in Bacillus subtilis strains isolated from raw milk and cheese samples. Materials and Methods: In this laboratory study, 100 samples of raw milk and cheese were prepared and cultured. The suspicious colonies of Bacillus subtilis were identified by biochemical methods. Disc diffusion method was used to measure antibiotic susceptibility. Also, the presence of blaTEM, blaCTX and blaSHV beta-lactamase genes in ESBLs strains was evaluated by PCR (Polymerase reaction chain) method. Data were analyzed using chi-square test and  reported in the form of  descriptive statistics (number and percentage). Results: The highest resistance in isolates that were able to produce the β-lactamase enzyme was related to erythromycin antibiotics (75%) and the least was related to cefotaxime (44.60%) and cefixime (46.20%) antibiotics. Of the 50 raw milk samples,  TEM (Temoneira) gene was identified in 21samples, CTX  (Cefotaximase) gene in 16 and SHV (Sulfhydryl-variable) gene in 3 samples. Of the 50 cheese samples, 17 (45.94%) samples contained  TEM gene, 13 (35.13%) CTX gene and 2 (5.40%) SHV gene. Conclusion: According to the results, the use of molecular methods along with phenotypic methods seems necessary to fully recognize these types of resistance. Key words: Bacillus subtillis, Milk, Beta-lactamase, Antibiotics, BelaCTX   Funding: This research was funded by University of Mohaghegh Ardabili. Conflict of interest: None declared. Ethical approval: [j1] The Ethics Committee of Mohaghegh Ardabili University approved the study.     How to cite this article: Ghazaei S,  Azizpour A. Molecular Detection of blaTEM, blaCTX and blaSHV beta-lactamase Genes in Bacillus Subtilis Strains Isolated from Samples of Raw Milk and Cheese. J Rafsanjan Univ Med Sci 2018; 17 (8): 745-58. [Farsi]    [j1]کد اخلاق ذکر گردد.